| CVE |
Vendors |
Products |
Updated |
CVSS v3.1 |
| In Eclipse Jetty, the Digest authentication server-side component uses ISO-8859-1 to encode the password as bytes.
This was done because the initial specification for HTTP did not specify explicitly a charset, and it was assumed to be ISO-8859-1 for historical reasons.
If the password contains characters that cannot be represented in ISO-8859-1, they are silently replaced by `?`. This happens with passwords that contain Chinese, Cyrillic or Greek characters, for example: `αβ123` converts to `??123`.
An attacker can send a request with a digest `Authorization` header crafted with a password made of only `?` characters; the server would match any password of the same length that contains non-ISO-8859-1 characters.
Recent HTTP Digest [RFC-7616](https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7616) supports a `charset` parameters that defaults to UTF-8 that allows for correct encoding/decoding of passwords. |
| Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity vulnerability in Erlang Ecosystem Foundation oidcc_plug (Oidcc.Plug.Authorize module) renders the user agent session binding inert, removing a defense in depth control against replay of a stolen session.
This vulnerability is associated with program files lib/oidcc/plug/authorize.ex and lib/oidcc/plug/authorization_callback.ex, and program routines Oidcc.Plug.Authorize.call/2 and Oidcc.Plug.AuthorizationCallback.call/2.
Oidcc.Plug.Authorize.call/2 reads the initiating client's user agent with get_req_header(conn, "User-Agent"). Plug lowercases incoming header names, but get_req_header/2 matches the supplied key exactly and performs no normalization of its own, so the mixed-case lookup always returns an empty list and nil is written into the session. On the callback side, Oidcc.Plug.AuthorizationCallback treats a stored nil user agent as nothing to compare and returns :ok without inspecting the request. The two behaviours combine so that the check passes unconditionally on every request, including for deployments that explicitly opted in with check_useragent: true, and an authorization callback can be completed from a different user agent than the one that initiated the flow without detection. The check fails open silently, with no error and no log entry, so a deployment cannot tell the binding is absent.
The impact is limited to defense in depth. The inert check does not by itself allow an attacker to complete an authorization flow; it removes one layer that would otherwise hinder use of a stolen or leaked session, such as an exfiltrated session cookie replayed from a different client. The CSRF/state, nonce, and PKCE checks are unaffected and continue to function. Deployments that never enabled check_useragent are not affected in practice, since they never expected the binding. The corresponding lookup in Oidcc.Plug.AuthorizationCallback correctly uses the lowercase key and is not affected.
This issue affects oidcc_plug: from 0.1.0-alpha.3 before 0.5.0. |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
vp_vdpa: fix id_table array not null terminated error
Allocate one extra virtio_device_id as null terminator, otherwise
vdpa_mgmtdev_get_classes() may iterate multiple times and visit
undefined memory. |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
cxl/pci: Skip to handle RAS errors if CXL.mem device is detached
The PCI AER model is an awkward fit for CXL error handling. While the
expectation is that a PCI device can escalate to link reset to recover
from an AER event, the same reset on CXL amounts to a surprise memory
hotplug of massive amounts of memory.
At present, the CXL error handler attempts some optimistic error
handling to unbind the device from the cxl_mem driver after reaping some
RAS register values. This results in a "hopeful" attempt to unplug the
memory, but there is no guarantee that will succeed.
A subsequent AER notification after the memdev unbind event can no
longer assume the registers are mapped. Check for memdev bind before
reaping status register values to avoid crashes of the form:
BUG: unable to handle page fault for address: ffa00000195e9100
#PF: supervisor read access in kernel mode
#PF: error_code(0x0000) - not-present page
[...]
RIP: 0010:__cxl_handle_ras+0x30/0x110 [cxl_core]
[...]
Call Trace:
<TASK>
? __die+0x24/0x70
? page_fault_oops+0x82/0x160
? kernelmode_fixup_or_oops+0x84/0x110
? exc_page_fault+0x113/0x170
? asm_exc_page_fault+0x26/0x30
? __pfx_dpc_reset_link+0x10/0x10
? __cxl_handle_ras+0x30/0x110 [cxl_core]
? find_cxl_port+0x59/0x80 [cxl_core]
cxl_handle_rp_ras+0xbc/0xd0 [cxl_core]
cxl_error_detected+0x6c/0xf0 [cxl_core]
report_error_detected+0xc7/0x1c0
pci_walk_bus+0x73/0x90
pcie_do_recovery+0x23f/0x330
Longer term, the unbind and PCI_ERS_RESULT_DISCONNECT behavior might
need to be replaced with a new PCI_ERS_RESULT_PANIC. |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
drm/amd/display: fix null-pointer dereference on edid reading
Use i2c adapter when there isn't aux_mode in dc_link to fix a
null-pointer derefence that happens when running
igt@kms_force_connector_basic in a system with DCN2.1 and HDMI connector
detected as below:
[ +0.178146] BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 00000000000004c0
[ +0.000010] #PF: supervisor read access in kernel mode
[ +0.000005] #PF: error_code(0x0000) - not-present page
[ +0.000004] PGD 0 P4D 0
[ +0.000006] Oops: 0000 [#1] PREEMPT SMP NOPTI
[ +0.000006] CPU: 15 PID: 2368 Comm: kms_force_conne Not tainted 6.5.0-asdn+ #152
[ +0.000005] Hardware name: HP HP ENVY x360 Convertible 13-ay1xxx/8929, BIOS F.01 07/14/2021
[ +0.000004] RIP: 0010:i2c_transfer+0xd/0x100
[ +0.000011] Code: ea fc ff ff 66 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 f3 0f 1e fa 0f 1f 44 00 00 41 54 55 53 <48> 8b 47 10 48 89 fb 48 83 38 00 0f 84 b3 00 00 00 83 3d 2f 80 16
[ +0.000004] RSP: 0018:ffff9c4f89c0fad0 EFLAGS: 00010246
[ +0.000005] RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: 0000000000000005 RCX: 0000000000000080
[ +0.000003] RDX: 0000000000000002 RSI: ffff9c4f89c0fb20 RDI: 00000000000004b0
[ +0.000003] RBP: ffff9c4f89c0fb80 R08: 0000000000000080 R09: ffff8d8e0b15b980
[ +0.000003] R10: 00000000000380e0 R11: 0000000000000000 R12: 0000000000000080
[ +0.000002] R13: 0000000000000002 R14: ffff9c4f89c0fb0e R15: ffff9c4f89c0fb0f
[ +0.000004] FS: 00007f9ad2176c40(0000) GS:ffff8d90fe9c0000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
[ +0.000003] CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033
[ +0.000004] CR2: 00000000000004c0 CR3: 0000000121bc4000 CR4: 0000000000750ee0
[ +0.000003] PKRU: 55555554
[ +0.000003] Call Trace:
[ +0.000006] <TASK>
[ +0.000006] ? __die+0x23/0x70
[ +0.000011] ? page_fault_oops+0x17d/0x4c0
[ +0.000008] ? preempt_count_add+0x6e/0xa0
[ +0.000008] ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0x7f
[ +0.000011] ? exc_page_fault+0x7f/0x180
[ +0.000009] ? asm_exc_page_fault+0x26/0x30
[ +0.000013] ? i2c_transfer+0xd/0x100
[ +0.000010] drm_do_probe_ddc_edid+0xc2/0x140 [drm]
[ +0.000067] ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0x7f
[ +0.000006] ? _drm_do_get_edid+0x97/0x3c0 [drm]
[ +0.000043] ? __pfx_drm_do_probe_ddc_edid+0x10/0x10 [drm]
[ +0.000042] edid_block_read+0x3b/0xd0 [drm]
[ +0.000043] _drm_do_get_edid+0xb6/0x3c0 [drm]
[ +0.000041] ? __pfx_drm_do_probe_ddc_edid+0x10/0x10 [drm]
[ +0.000043] drm_edid_read_custom+0x37/0xd0 [drm]
[ +0.000044] amdgpu_dm_connector_mode_valid+0x129/0x1d0 [amdgpu]
[ +0.000153] drm_connector_mode_valid+0x3b/0x60 [drm_kms_helper]
[ +0.000000] __drm_helper_update_and_validate+0xfe/0x3c0 [drm_kms_helper]
[ +0.000000] ? amdgpu_dm_connector_get_modes+0xb6/0x520 [amdgpu]
[ +0.000000] ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0x7f
[ +0.000000] drm_helper_probe_single_connector_modes+0x2ab/0x540 [drm_kms_helper]
[ +0.000000] status_store+0xb2/0x1f0 [drm]
[ +0.000000] kernfs_fop_write_iter+0x136/0x1d0
[ +0.000000] vfs_write+0x24d/0x440
[ +0.000000] ksys_write+0x6f/0xf0
[ +0.000000] do_syscall_64+0x60/0xc0
[ +0.000000] ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0x7f
[ +0.000000] ? syscall_exit_to_user_mode+0x2b/0x40
[ +0.000000] ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0x7f
[ +0.000000] ? do_syscall_64+0x6c/0xc0
[ +0.000000] ? do_syscall_64+0x6c/0xc0
[ +0.000000] entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x6e/0xd8
[ +0.000000] RIP: 0033:0x7f9ad46b4b00
[ +0.000000] Code: 40 00 48 8b 15 19 b3 0d 00 f7 d8 64 89 02 48 c7 c0 ff ff ff ff eb b7 0f 1f 00 80 3d e1 3a 0e 00 00 74 17 b8 01 00 00 00 0f 05 <48> 3d 00 f0 ff ff 77 58 c3 0f 1f 80 00 00 00 00 48 83 ec 28 48 89
[ +0.000000] RSP: 002b:00007ffcbd3bd6d8 EFLAGS: 00000202 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000001
[ +0.000000] RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 0000000000000000 RCX: 00007f9ad46b4b00
[ +0.000000] RDX: 0000000000000002 RSI: 00007f9ad48a7417 RDI: 0000000000000009
[ +0.000000] RBP: 0000000000000002 R08
---truncated--- |
| Logto performs principal lookup without normalizing email and identifier strings, enabling principal collision and unauthorized account access via case- or Unicode-different identities. |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
ksmbd: validate NTLMv2 response before updating session key
ksmbd_auth_ntlmv2() derives the NTLMv2 session key into
sess->sess_key before it verifies the NTLMv2 response.
ksmbd_decode_ntlmssp_auth_blob() then continues into KEY_XCH even
when ksmbd_auth_ntlmv2() failed.
With SMB3 multichannel binding, the failed authentication operates on
an existing session and the session setup error path does not expire
binding sessions. A client can send a binding session setup with a
bad NT proof and KEY_XCH and still modify sess->sess_key before
STATUS_LOGON_FAILURE is returned.
Relevant path:
smb2_sess_setup()
-> conn->binding = true
-> ntlm_authenticate()
-> session_user()
-> ksmbd_decode_ntlmssp_auth_blob()
-> ksmbd_auth_ntlmv2()
-> calc_ntlmv2_hash()
-> hmac_md5_usingrawkey(..., sess->sess_key)
-> crypto_memneq() returns mismatch
-> KEY_XCH arc4_crypt(..., sess->sess_key, ...)
-> out_err without expiring the binding session
Derive the base session key into a local buffer and copy it to
sess->sess_key only after the proof matches. Return immediately on
authentication failure so KEY_XCH is only processed after successful
authentication. |
| Improper null termination vulnerability in TUBITAK BILGEM Software Technologies Research Institute Pardus Pen allows Overflow Buffers.
This issue affects Pardus Pen: from <=4.1.5 before 4.2.1. |
| Traefik is an HTTP reverse proxy and load balancer. Prior to v2.11.51, v3.6.22, and v3.7.6, Traefik's BasicAuth, DigestAuth, and ForwardAuth middlewares strip canonical-cased spoofed identity headers before writing Traefik's own value, but do not account for underscore-variant header names, which many backends normalize identically to dashed forms. An attacker able to reach a protected route can inject an underscore-variant header that survives Traefik's stripping and reaches the backend alongside, or on the unauthenticated ForwardAuth authResponseHeaders path instead of, the value Traefik intended to set, spoofing identity or authorization context. This issue is fixed in versions v2.11.51, v3.6.22, and v3.7.6. |
| A flaw was found in gnutls. This vulnerability occurs because gnutls performs case-sensitive comparisons of `nameConstraints` labels, specifically for `dNSName` (DNS) or `rfc822Name` (email) constraints within `excludedSubtrees` or `permittedSubtrees`. A remote attacker can exploit this by crafting a leaf certificate with casing differences in the Subject Alternative Name (SAN), leading to a policy bypass where a certificate that should be rejected is instead accepted. This could result in unauthorized access or information disclosure. |
| A flaw was found in gnutls. Servers configured with RSA-PSK (Rivest–Shamir–Adleman – Pre-Shared Key) wrongfully matched usernames containing a NUL character with truncated usernames. A remote attacker could exploit this by sending a specially crafted username, leading to an authentication bypass. This vulnerability allows an attacker to gain unauthorized access by circumventing the authentication process. |
| Symfony is a PHP framework for web and console applications and a set of reusable PHP components. Prior to 5.4.53, 6.4.41, 7.4.13, and 8.0.13, UrlGenerator::doGenerate() used strtr() dot-segment encoding that skipped every other chained ../ or ./ segment, allowing attacker-controlled route parameters to generate URLs that collapse to a different path under RFC 3986 normalization. This issue is fixed in versions 5.4.53, 6.4.41, 7.4.13, and 8.0.13. |
| ModSecurity is an open source, cross platform web application firewall (WAF) engine for Apache, IIS and Nginx. Prior to 3.0.16, the multipart/form-data request body parser in libmodsecurity silently removes embedded line breaks from non-file form-field values before exporting them to ARGS and ARGS_POST because src/request_body_processor/multipart.cc overwrites reserved bytes in m_reserve instead of appending the current buffer. This creates a parser differential between ModSecurity and backend applications that preserve line breaks in form fields, allowing rules that inspect ARGS or ARGS_POST to miss payloads whose dangerous syntax depends on a line break. This issue is fixed in version 3.0.16. |
| OpenFGA is an authorization/permission engine built for developers. Prior to 1.18.0, when MySQL is being used as the datastore and authorization decisions rely on case-sensitive user strings, the tuple, changelog, and authorization_model identifier columns can compare case-distinct values such as user:Alice and user:alice as equivalent, causing two distinct check requests to return the same response. This issue is fixed in 1.18.0. |
| node-tar is a tar archive manipulation library for Node.js. Prior to 7.5.17, node-tar does not strip NUL bytes from PAX path and linkpath records in src/pax.ts, allowing a crafted archive with values to reach fs.lstat or fs.open and terminate the process with an uncaught exception. This issue is fixed in version 7.5.17. |
| JupyterLab Git is a Git extension for JupyterLab. Prior to 0.54.0, jupyterlab-git uses fnmatch.fnmatchcase() in GitHandler.prepare() in jupyterlab_git/handlers.py to enforce excluded_paths, allowing an authenticated user on a case-insensitive filesystem to vary URL path casing and read excluded directories. This issue is fixed in version 0.54.0. |
| A security vulnerability has been detected in NousResearch hermes-agent up to 2026.4.30. Affected is the function GatewayStreamConsumer._filter_and_accumulate of the file gateway/stream_consumer.py of the component Streaming Reasoning Tag Filter. The manipulation leads to improper handling of case sensitivity. The attack may be initiated remotely. The attack's complexity is rated as high. The exploitability is told to be difficult. The exploit has been disclosed publicly and may be used. The project decided to not implement a dedicated fix: "[T]he analysis and the fix are both sound. It just lands below the bar for the maintenance cost of a duplicated scrub path." |
| Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity vulnerability in LockOutRealm in Apache Tomcat.
This issue affects Apache Tomcat: from 11.0.0-M1 through 11.0.21, from 10.1.0-M1 through 10.1.54, from 9.0.0.M1 through 9.0.117, from 8.5.0 through 8.5.100, from 7.0.0 through 7.0.109.
Older unsupported versions may also be affected.
Users are recommended to upgrade to version 11.0.22, 10.1.55 or 9.0.118 which fix the issue. |
| Race condition in the __find_get_block_slow function in the ISO9660 filesystem in Linux 2.6.18 and possibly other versions allows local users to cause a denial of service (infinite loop) by mounting a crafted ISO9660 filesystem containing malformed data structures. |
| jq is a command-line JSON processor. Commits before 6374ae0bcdfe33a18eb0ae6db28493b1f34a0a5b contain a vulnerability where CLI input parsing allows validation bypass via embedded NUL bytes. When reading JSON from files or stdin, jq uses strlen() to determine buffer length instead of the actual byte count from fgets(), causing it to truncate input at the first NUL byte and parse only the preceding prefix. This enables an attacker to craft input with a benign JSON prefix before a NUL byte followed by malicious trailing data, where jq validates only the prefix as valid JSON while silently discarding the suffix. Workflows relying on jq to validate untrusted JSON before forwarding it to downstream consumers are susceptible to parser differential attacks, as those consumers may process the full input including the malicious trailing bytes. This issue has been patched by commit 6374ae0bcdfe33a18eb0ae6db28493b1f34a0a5b. |
